診斷勃起功能障礙,首先要有完整的醫學病史、病人與其伴侶的性生活史和身體理學檢查等。從完整的病史詢問中可發現跟勃起功能障礙有關的共病,運用具信效度的問卷可評估勃起功能障礙的嚴重程度及治療效果,臨床上常用的問卷有國際勃起功能指標(The International Index of Erectile Function、IIEF-5),及4個勃起等級的勃起硬度分數(The Erection Hardness Score),同時做生殖泌尿、內分泌、血管與神經系統的理學檢查與實驗室檢查。
除了上述的基本檢查之外,進一步的檢查主要包括三大類:(1)夜間陰莖膨脹硬度測試(nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity test、NPTR)、(2)陰莖海綿體注射加上都卜勒彩色超音波(intracavernous injection test and Duplex ultrasound of the penis)、(3)陰莖海綿體動態血管攝影和壓力圖(Arteriography and dynamic infusion cavernosometry or cavernography)【1】。
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